Infocommunications and Radio Technologies Infocommunications and Radio Technologies ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ И РАДИОЭЛЕКТРОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ 2587-9936 53207 10.29039/2587-9936.2022.05.1.10 ИСТОРИЯ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ (5.6.6) HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (5.6.6) ИСТОРИЯ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ (5.6.6) Problems of Long-Distance Telephony at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries and the Search for Their Solutions Проблемы дальней телефонии на рубеже 19 и 20 веков и поиски их решения https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0466-881X Пестриков Виктор Михайлович Pestrikov Viktor Mihaylovich pvm205@yandex.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Санкт-Петербургский государственный институт кино и телевидения Санкт-Петербург Россия St. Petersburg State University of Film and Television St. Petersburg Russian Federation 25 03 2022 25 03 2022 5 1 117 151 20 03 2022 05 06 2022 https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/53207/view

На рубеже 19 и 20 веков междугородная телефонная связь превратилась в серьезный бизнес, однако, стоимость линий была высокой, а практический коммерческий диапазон передачи телефонного сигнала ненамного превышал 1600 км. По мере увеличения длин междугородних телефонных линий возникло две проблемы, которые были признаны особенно актуальными, в частности, перекрестные помехи и затухание сигнала. Решением этих проблем занялись научные сотрудники компании AT&T. В данной статье рассмотрены работы ученых и инженеров, которые привели к реальным практическим решениям задач дальней телефонной связи, в частности, Оливера Хевисайда, Джона Стоуна и Джорджа Кэмпбелла.

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, long-distance telephone communication turned into a serious business, however, the cost of lines was high, and the practical commercial range of telephone signal transmission did not exceed 1600 km. As the lengths of long-distance telephone lines increased, two problems arose that were rec-ognized as particularly relevant, in particular, crosstalk and signal attenuation. AT&T researchers were engaged in solving these problems. This article examines the work of scientists and engineers who have led to real practical solutions to problems of long-distance telephone communication, in particular, Oliver Heaviside, John Stone and George Campbell.

 дальняя телефонная связь телеграфные уравнения биметаллический телефонный кабель уравнение Кэмпбелла загрузочные катушки Кэмпбелла Long-distance telephone communication telegraph equations bimetallic telephone cable Campbell’s equation Campbell’s loading coils

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