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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2499-9962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">54105</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>БИООРГАНИЧЕСКАЯ, БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ И МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>BIOORGANIC, BIOPHYSICAL AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>БИООРГАНИЧЕСКАЯ, БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ И МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">MTT DEPOLARIZE MITOCHONDRIA IN CULTURED NEURONS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>MTT ДЕПОЛЯРИЗУЕТ МИТОХОНДРИИ В КУЛЬТИВИРУЕМЫХ НЕЙРОНАХ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шарипов</surname>
       <given-names>Р Р</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Sharipov</surname>
       <given-names>R R</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Лисина</surname>
       <given-names>О Ю</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Lisina</surname>
       <given-names>O Yu</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Красильникова</surname>
       <given-names>И А</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krasilnikova</surname>
       <given-names>I A</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Вышенская</surname>
       <given-names>Т В</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Vyshenskaya</surname>
       <given-names>T V</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Пинелис</surname>
       <given-names>В Г</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Pinelis</surname>
       <given-names>V G</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сурин</surname>
       <given-names>А М</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Surin</surname>
       <given-names>A M</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «НИИ общей патологии и патофизиологии»</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «НИИ общей патологии и патофизиологии»; Московский технологический университет</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology; Moscow Technological Institute</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Научный центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский технологический университет</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Technological Institute</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Научный центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «НИИ общей патологии и патофизиологии»; ФГАУ «Научный центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology; Scientific Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2016</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2016</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>1</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>218</fpage>
   <lpage>223</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54105/view">https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54105/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>МТТ-анализ - один из наиболее используемых методов определения выживаемости клеток в культуре при различных фармакологических воздействиях. Внутриклеточные дегидрогеназы восстанавливают МТТ (3-(4,5-диМетилТиазол-2-ил)-2,5-дифенилТетразолий бромид) до формазана, который сильно поглощает свет области короче ~600нм. Формазан образует агрегаты и обнаруживается в клетках по появлению темных «зерен». В настоящей работе выполнено исследование влияния МТТ на митохондриальный потенциал (ΔΨm) и поглощение света в культивируемых нейронах мозжечка крысы методами световой микроскопии. Изменения потенциала регистрировали с помощью флуоресцентного потенциал-чувствительного зонда родамин 123 (Rh123). Добавление МТТ (0,1мМ) вызывало быстрое и практически полное тушение флуоресценции Rh123, которое через 5-10 мин сменялось ростом флуоресценции в нуклеоплазме. Зонд выходил из митохондрий в цитозоль с последующей диффузией в ядро, что является характерным признаком падения ΔΨm. Столь же быстрым было тушение флуоресценции митотрекера зеленого (MTG), которое не сменялось ростом флуоресценции, поскольку MTG связывается с митохондриями необратимо. Рост флуоресценции Rh123 совпадал с началом снижения интенсивности света, проходящего сквозь клетки, в результате образования формазана. МТТ вызывал также необратимое снижение автофлуоресценции нейронов, обусловленной NADH. Восходящая фаза сигнала Rh123 и снижение интенсивности проходящего сквозь клетки света отражает, вероятно, прекращение окисления NADH комплексом 1 дыхательной цепи вследствие того, что NADH тратится на восстановление МТТ до формазана. В итоге прекращается работа комплекса 1 дыхательной цепи и развивается деполяризация митохондрий. Полученные результаты указывают на то, что МТТ (при концентрациях 0,1мМ и выше) вызывает быструю дисфункцию митохондрий и поэтому следует относиться с осторожностью к интерпретации данных о выживаемости клеток и активности дегидрогеназ на основании количества формазана, образовавшегося при инкубации клеточных культур с МТТ.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>MTT assay is one of the widespread methods of determining the viability of cells in culture with different pharmacological treatment. Intracellular dehydrogenases reduce MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) to formazan, which absorbs light in the spectral region &lt;600nm. Formazan forms aggregates in the cells which appeared as dark spots. In the present work, we performed a light microscopy study on the impact of MTT on mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm) and the light absorption by cultured neurons from rat cerebellum. Changes of ΔΨm were recorded employing fluorescent potential-sensitive probe rhodamine123 (Rh123). Application of MTT (0.1mM) caused a rapid and almost complete quenching of fluorescence Rh123, followed by (in 5-10 min) fluorescence increase in the nucleoplasm. Rh123 diffused out of the mitochondria to the cytosol followed by diffusion into the nucleus, which is a characteristic feature of the ΔΨm fall. Equally rapid has been quenching of the MitoTrecker Green (MTG) fluorescence, however without subsequent fluorescence increase, because MTG irreversibly binds to mitochondria. Growth of Rh123 fluorescence coincided with the beginning of absorbtion of light passing through the cells, due to formation of formazan. MTT also caused irreversible reduction in the neuronal NADH autofluorescence. Rising phase of the Rh123 signal and decrease of the cell culture light transmittance likely reflects restriction of NADH oxidation by respiratory chain complex 1 because NADH is spent on the restoration of MTT to formazan. As a result, operation of the complex 1 is ceased and mitochondrial depolarization develops. The results obtained suggest that the MTT (at concentrations of 0.1 mM and above) causes rapid mitochondrial dysfunction and therefore should be treated with caution in the interpretation of data concerning cell survival and dehydrogenase activity based on the amount of formazan formed during the incubation of cell cultures with MTT.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>нейроны</kwd>
    <kwd>митохондриальный потенциал</kwd>
    <kwd>флуоресцентная микроскопия</kwd>
    <kwd>МТТ</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>neurons</kwd>
    <kwd>mitochondrial potential</kwd>
    <kwd>fluorescence microscopy</kwd>
    <kwd>MTT</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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