Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ 2499-9962 54125 Общая биофизика General biophysics Общая биофизика Role of the transmembrane potential in preimplantation mammalian embryos Роль трансмембранного потенциала в развитии доимплантационных эмбрионов млекопитающих Чернов А С Chernov A S alexandrchernov1984@gmail.com Теплов И Ю Teplov I U Василов Р Г Vasilov R G Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт» ru National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» ru Институт биофизики клетки РАН ru Institute of cell biophisics RAS ru Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт» ru National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» ru 25 06 2017 25 06 2017 2 1 96 99 20 06 2017 20 06 2017 https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54125/view

В представленной работе был измерен трансмембранный потенциал (Vmem) в ооцитах и эмбрионах мыши в течение всего доимплантационного периода развития с помощью метода patch-clamp в конфигурации whole-cell. Установлено, что на стадии ооцита значение Vmem находится на уровне -13,2 ± 1,54 мВ. Переход к одноклеточной стадии, после оплодотворения, характеризуется деполяризацией мембранного потенциала, в результате чего его значение достоверно повышается до -9,4 ± 1,07 мВ. Последующие этапы деления-дробления эмбриона сопровождаются постепенной гиперполяризацией (Vmem= -10,8 ± 1,03 мВ для 2-х клеточной и Vmem= -13,7 ± 1,61 мВ для 4-х клеточной стадий), и достигают минимального значения у 8-клеточного эмбриона (-22,9 ± 1,63 мВ). При переходе к многоклеточности, на стадии морулы и бластоцисты, наблюдается повторная деполяризация, значения Vmem составили -18,1 ±1,17 мВ и -10,3 ± 0,9 мВ соответственно. Таким образом, процессы оплодотворения и первичной дифференцировки клеток на стадии бластоцисты являются реперными точками в доимплантационном развитии, характеризующиеся деполяризацией мембранного заряда. Полученные данные позволяют говорить о важной роли трансмембранного потенциала в раннем развитии эмбрионов млекопитающих, и возможно, с его помощью можно будет управлять процессами пролиферации и дифференцировки не только на уровне эмбриона, но и целого организма.

In this work the transmembrane potential (Vmem) has been measured in oocytes and mice embryos during all preimplantation period of development by means of the patch-clamp method in whole-cell configuration. It is established that at an oocyte stage the Vmem value is at the level of -13,2 ± 1,54 mV. Transition to a one-celle stage, after fertilization, is characterized by depolarization of membrane potential therefore its value authentically increases to -9,4 ± 1,07 mV. The subsequent stages of division crushing of an embryo are followed by gradual hyperpolarization (Vmem = -10,8 ± 1,03 mV for the two-cell and Vmem = -13,7 ± 1,61 mV for the four-cell stages), and reach the minimum value at a 8-cell embryo (-22,9 ± 1,63 mV). Upon transition to a multicells, at a stage of a morula and a blastocyst, repeated depolarization is observed, Vmem values were -18,1 ±1,17 mV and -10,3 ± 0,9 mV respectively. Thus, processes of fertilization and primary differentiation of cages at a stage of a blastocyst are defined points in preimplantation development, characterized by depolarization of a membrane charge. The obtained data allow to speak about an important role of transmembrane potential in early embryo development of mammals, and with his help it will be possible to operate processes of proliferation and a differentiation not only at the level of an embryo, but also the whole organism.

 доимплантационные эмбрионы раннее развитие биоэлектрические сигналы трансмембранный потенциал preimplantation embryos early embryo development bioelectric signals transmembrane potential

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