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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2499-9962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">54321</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Общая биофизика</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>General biophysics</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Общая биофизика</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">POSSIBLE MECHANISMS MEDIATING THE REGULATION OF THE POTENTIAL DEPENDED CA2+ INFLUX IN TYPE III TASTE CELLS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ-ЗАВИСИМОГО ВХОДА СА2+ ВО ВКУСОВЫХ КЛЕТКАХ ТИПА III</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Черкашин</surname>
       <given-names>А П</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Cherkashin</surname>
       <given-names>A P</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рогачевская</surname>
       <given-names>О А</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rogachevskaya</surname>
       <given-names>O A</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>o.rogachevskaja@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биофизики клетки РАН</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cell Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биофизики клетки РАН</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cell Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2018</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2018</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>520</fpage>
   <lpage>525</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-09-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2018</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-09-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2018</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54321/view">https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54321/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Вкусовые клетки типа III используют классический химический синапс для нейропередачи сенсорной информации, и стимул-зависимый вход внеклеточного Са2+ через потенциал-зависимые (ПЗ) Са2+-каналы и инициируемый этим выброс нейромедиатора по механизму Са2+-зависимого экзоцитоза являются ключевыми событиями. Потенциально эффективность синаптической передачи может варьировать при изменениях внеклеточного Са2+, однако ранее мы показали, что ПЗ вход Са2+ и величина Са2+-сигналов в клетках типа III остаются инвариантными при изменении внешнего Са2+ в физиологическом диапазоне - это свидетельство функционирования механизма, обеспечивающего мониторинг внеклеточного Са2+ и подстройку нейропередачи при его девиации. Сенсором внеклеточного Са2+ может быть Са2+-чувствующий рецептор CаSR, экспрессию которого в клетках типа III мы продемонстрировали ранее. Мы предположили, что CаSR может регулировать активность ПЗ Са2+-каналов, и тогда ПЗ Са2+-токи должны быть чувствительны к агонистам/антагонистам этого рецептора. Регистрация ПЗ-токов в клетках типа III в цезиевых условиях показала наличие входящего Са2+-тока. Специфический агонист CаSR NPSR-568 подавлял этот ток, что можно было бы объяснить влиянием рецептора CаSR на активность ПЗ Са2+-каналов. Однако эффекты развивались быстро и были необратимы, указывая на возможность неспецифического действия. NPSR-568 ингибировал ПЗ-токи в клетках типа II, в которых рецептор CаSR не функционирует, подтверждая влияние этого соединения непосредственно на ПЗ-токи. Ряд других лигандов CаSR так же оказывал подобное неспецифичное действие на ПЗ-токи клеток типа III и II. В качестве альтернативы неоднозначным физиологическим данным нами предложена математическая модель, в которой постулируется, что внеклеточный Са2+ влияет на уровень ПЗ Са2+-тока не только как носитель тока, но и как CаSR-опосредованный регулятор ПЗ Са2+-каналов. При определенных параметрах модель достаточно точно воспроизводит полученную экспериментальную зависимость величины ПЗ Са2+-тока от концентрации внеклеточного Са2+.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Afferent output in Type III taste cells involves the classical chemical synapse, wherein Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated (VG) Ca2+-channels triggers Ca2+-dependent exocytosis of a neurotransmitter. In taste bud, extracellular Ca2+ may vary, thus affecting the efficacy of the synaptic transmission. As demonstrated earlier, VG Ca2+ influx and associated intracellular Ca2+ transients were apparently invariant when bath Ca2+ varied in a physiological range. This finding argued that in Type III taste, a mechanism exists to sense variability of extracellular Ca2+ and to provide the proper adjustment of neurotransmission. Previously, we found that extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) is functionally expressed in Type III cells, where one might serve as a sensor of extracellular Ca2+ and a regulator of activity of VG Ca2+-channels. If so, VG Ca2+-currents and related intracellular Ca2+ signals should have been sensitive to agonists/antagonists of this receptor. In Type III cells dialyzed with CsCl, we detected VG Ca2+-currents. The specific CaSR agonist NPSR-568 suppressed these currents, implicating CaSR in control of their activity. However, the effects of NPSR-568 were apparently instant and irreversible, suggesting its action to be unspecific. NPSR-568 also inhibited VG-currents in Type II cells, wherein CaSR is not expressed. Given this fact and that the other ligands exerted similar inhibitory effects, the effects of CaSR ligands appeared to be unspecific. Since our inhibitory analysis failed, we employed a mathematical model that postulated that extracellular Ca2+ determines VG Ca2+ currents not only as a carrier but also as an CaSR agonist. At certain parameters, the model accurately reproduced the experimental dependence of the VG Ca2+ current on extracellular Ca2+.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>вкусовые клетки</kwd>
    <kwd>ПЗ Са2+-каналы</kwd>
    <kwd>рецептор внеклеточного Са2+</kwd>
    <kwd>кальциевая сигнализация</kwd>
    <kwd>нейропередача</kwd>
    <kwd>taste cells</kwd>
    <kwd>VG Са2+-channels</kwd>
    <kwd>extracellular Са</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>2+-sensing receptor</kwd>
    <kwd>calcium signalization</kwd>
    <kwd>neurotransmission</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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