Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ 2499-9962 54337 МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS - STRUCTURAL FEATURES AND REGULARITIES OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY ПЕПТИДНЫЕ АНТИБИОТИКИ - СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ Рогожин Е А Rogozhin E A rea21@list.ru Институт биоорганической химии имени академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук; Научно-исследовательский Институт по изысканию новых антибиотиков имени Г.Ф. Гаузе ru Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences; Gause Institute of New Antibiotics ru 25 09 2018 25 09 2018 3 3 619 621 20 09 2018 20 09 2018 https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54337/view

В связи с широким распространением полирезистентных патогенных микроорганизмов в мировой медицинской практике высока потребность в антибиотиках, относящихся к химической группе пептидов (в частности, гликопептидов), благодаря их значительной противобактериальной активности в отношении возбудителей с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью. На данный момент в эту группу антибиотиков в номенклатуре противобактериальных медицинских препаратов входят даптомицин, рамопланин, тейкопланин и ванкомицин. Антибиотики этой группы обладают активностью в отношении грамположительных бактерий и микобактерий, в том числе и Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Преимуществом гликопептидных антибиотиков перед рядом антибиотиков других групп является бактерицидный тип действия и высокая активность в отношении микроорганизмов, устойчивых ко многим препаратам, включая β-лактамные антибиотики и фторхинолоны. По оценке Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), устойчивость болезнетворных микроорганизмов к антибиотикам является главным вызовом, с которым столкнулось современное здравоохранение. Проблема быстрого распространения устойчивых форм среди патогенных микроорганизмов усугубляется отсутствием у современной медицины достаточного числа эффективных антибиотиков. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения в период с 2000 по 2015 год в мире одобрено всего лишь 2 новых природных антибиотика для проведения клинических испытаний.

Due to the wide spread of multidrug resistant pathogens in world medical practice, there is a high demand for antibiotics belonging to the chemical group of peptides (in particular, glycopeptides), due to their significant antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens. At the moment, this group of antibiotics in the nomenclature of antibacterial medicines includes daptomycin, ramoplanin, teicoplanin and vancomycin. Antibiotics of this group have activity against gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The advantage of glycopeptide antibiotics over a number of antibiotics of other groups is the bactericidal type of action and high activity against microorganisms resistant to many drugs, including β-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the resistance of pathogens to antibiotics is the main challenge facing modern healthcare. The problem of the rapid spread of resistant forms among pathogenic microorganisms is exacerbated by the lack of a sufficient number of effective antibiotics in modern medicine. According to the World Health Organization, from 2000 to 2015, only 2 new natural antibiotics for clinical trials have been approved worldwide.

 пептидные антибиотики антимикробная активность бактериальные штаммы-продуценты структура peptide antibiotics antimicrobial activity bacterial strains-producers structure

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