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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2499-9962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">54461</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Общая биофизика</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>General biophysics</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Общая биофизика</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">CONCEPTIONS IN MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>КОНЦЕПЦИИ В МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОЙ БИОФИЗИКЕ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Нечипуренко</surname>
       <given-names>Ю Д</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Nechipurenko</surname>
       <given-names>Y D</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>nech99@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Касерес</surname>
       <given-names>Х Л</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Caceres</surname>
       <given-names>J L</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Центр Нейронаук</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Cuban Neurosciences Center</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2019</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2019</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>4</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>452</fpage>
   <lpage>455</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2019</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2019</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54461/view">https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54461/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В развитии биофизики особое место занимают концепции, или системы взглядов на явления, происходящие в живой клетке. Именно систематический взгляд на такие явления приводит нас к пониманию феномена жизни. За последние полвека сотрудниками кафедры биофизики физического факультета МГУ и соавторами был разработан целый ряд концепций, которые позволяют по-новому взглянуть на процессы, происходящие в клетке. Концепция «Белок-машина» (Шноль, Чернавский, Хургин) получила свое подтверждение в работах многих авторов, в том числе Льва Блюменфельда и Александра Тихонова. Концепция иерархии сил и взаимодействий (Есипова) легла в основу оригинального курса лекций по физике биополимеров, который уже более сорока лет читается на кафедре. Эта концепция получила дальнейшее развитие в работах Натальи Есиповой, Владимира Туманяна, Владимира Намиота и соавторов. Концепция матричного узнавания, развитая в работах Георгия Гурского и Александра Заседателева, получила подтверждение в цикле работ по взаимодействию лигандов с ДНК и привела к ряду важных результатов - от построения молекулярных и термодинамических моделей связывания лигандов с ДНК до открытия аллостерического эффекта ДНК. В последние годы развитие получила концепция хиральности, которую выдвинул Всеволод Твердислов, эта концепция позволяет по-новому взглянуть на систему макромолекулярных взаимодействий в клетке. Своё развитие и ряд интереснейших приложений получила концепция космофизических факторов, разработанная ранее Симоном Шнолем. Кафедра сформировала специалистов из других стран, таких как Германия, Польша, Словакия, Ирак, Куба. Большинство из них и поныне продолжают свои исследования в области молекулярной биофизики. При содействии Симона Шноля на кафедре была развита модель химических колебаний, известной в мировой научной литературе как реакция Белоусова-Жаботинского, один из классических примеров биофизики нелинейных систем.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>In the development of biophysics, a special place corresponds to concepts, or systems of views regarding processes occurring in a living cell. Precisely, a systematic view of such processes leads us to an understanding of the phenomenon of life. In the twentieth century, the staff and co-authors of the Department of Biophysics at the Faculty of Physics of Moscow “Lomonosov” University developed a number of concepts that allow to take a fresh look at the processes occurring in a cell. The concept of “Protein Machine” (Shnoll, Chernavsky, Khurgin) was confirmed in the works of many authors, including Lev Blumenfeld and Alexander Tikhonov. The concept of hierarchy of forces and interactions (Esipova) formed the basis of the original course of lectures on the physics of biopolymers, which has been delivered at the Department for more than forty years and was further developed in the works of Natalia Esipova, Vladimir Tumanyan and Vladimir Namiot. The concept of matrix recognition, developed in the works of Georgy Gursky, Alexander Zasedatelev and collaborators, was confirmed in the cycle of works on the interaction of ligands with DNA and led to a number of important results - from the construction of molecular and thermodynamic models of ligand binding to DNA to the discovery of the allosteric effect of DNA. In recent years, the concept of chirality (Vsevolod Tverdislov) has been developed, which makes it possible to take a new look at the system of macromolecular interactions in the cell. The concept of cosmic-physical factors, developed earlier by Simon Shnoll, has found further development and a number of interesting applications. The department has formed specialists from other countries, such as Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Iraq and Cuba. Most of them still continue their research in the field of molecular biophysics. With the assistance of Simon Shnoll, the department developed a model of chemical oscillations, known in the world scientific literature as the Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction, one of the classic examples of biophysical of nonlinear systems.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>молекулярные машины</kwd>
    <kwd>иерархии структур</kwd>
    <kwd>кооперативное связывание лигандов</kwd>
    <kwd>аллостерические эффекты</kwd>
    <kwd>ДНК-белковые взаимодействия</kwd>
    <kwd>космофизические факторы</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>molecular machines</kwd>
    <kwd>hierarchies of structures</kwd>
    <kwd>cooperativity</kwd>
    <kwd>allosteric effects</kwd>
    <kwd>DNA-protein interactions</kwd>
    <kwd>cosmic-physical factors</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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