<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2499-9962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">54524</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Modification of cryoprotective medium by egg yolk components to increase survival of human spermatozoa after cryopreservation</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Модификация криопротекторной среды компонентами яичного желтка для повышения выживаемости сперматозоидов человека после криоконсервации</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Смоленцева</surname>
       <given-names>Д А</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Smolenceva</surname>
       <given-names>D А</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Миронова</surname>
       <given-names>А Г</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mironova</surname>
       <given-names>A Г</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сыбачин</surname>
       <given-names>А В</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Sibachin</surname>
       <given-names>A В</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Афанасьева</surname>
       <given-names>С И</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Afanasieva</surname>
       <given-names>S И</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Симоненко</surname>
       <given-names>Е Ю</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Simonenko</surname>
       <given-names>E Yu</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ksimonenko@inbox.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2020</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2020</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>5</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>291</fpage>
   <lpage>295</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2020</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2020</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54524/view">https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/54524/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Криоконсервация - современный удобный метод хранения биологического материала. Однако криоконсервация может приводить и к нежелательным явлениям, вызванным повреждением биологического материала. Для защиты клеток от повреждения используют криопротекторные среды, включающие проникающие в клетку компоненты (глицерин, ДМСО) и непроникающие (дисахара, белки). К непроникающим компонентам относится яичный желток. Ранее в наших работах было показано, что модификация криопротектантов суспензией яичного желтка - один из наиболее эффективных методов улучшения выживаемости сперматозоидов. В связи со сложностью использования соединений животного происхождения для клеток человека, в работе представлено исследование модификации базового (коммерческого) криопротектора SpermFreeze компонентами желтка: лецитином и холестерином. Проведены тесты на цитотоксичность для различных растворителей холестерина, подобраны концентрации всех компонент, определены изменения индекса подвижности сперматозоидов после заморозки-разморозки во всех исследуемых модификациях криопротекторной среды. В работе проведено сравнение методов измерения концентрации холестерина в мембранах сперматозоидов для выбора оптимального протокола. Также в работе показано, что модификация базового криопротектора комплексами циклодекстрин-холестерин повышает выживаемость сперматозоидов на 13% и так же эффективно, как с добавлением суспензии яичного желтка; добавление лецитина значимо не повышает эффективность базового криопротектора.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Cryopreservation is a modern convenient method of storing biological material. However, cryopreservation can also lead to undesirable effects caused by damage of biological material. To protect cells from damage, cryoprotective media are used, including components penetrating into the cell (glycerin, DMSO) and non-penetrating (disaccharides, proteins). Egg Yolk is a non-penetrating component. Earlier in our work, it was shown that the modification of cryoprotectants with egg yolk suspension is one of the most effective methods for improving the survival of spermatozoa. However using compounds that are received from the animal for storing human cells is difficult. In this work the protocol of preparation of an egg yolk components: lecithin and cholesterol and the scheme of basic cryoprotectant SpermFreeze modification are suggested. Cytotoxicity tests have been done for various cholesterol solvents, the concentrations of all components were selected, changes in the sperm motility index after freezing and thawing were determined in all studied modifications of the cryoprotective medium. In this paper methods for measuring cholesterol concentration in sperm membranes were compared to select the optimal protocol. It has been also shown that modification of the base cryoprotectant with cyclodextrin-cholesterol complexes increases the survival rate of spermatozoa by 13% and is effective as with the addition of a suspension of egg yolk; the addition of lecithin does not significantly increase the effectiveness of the base cryoprotector.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>криопротектор</kwd>
    <kwd>яичный желток</kwd>
    <kwd>лецитин</kwd>
    <kwd>холестерин</kwd>
    <kwd>подвижность сперматозоидов</kwd>
    <kwd>ВРТ</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>cryoprotectant</kwd>
    <kwd>egg yolk</kwd>
    <kwd>lecithin</kwd>
    <kwd>cholesterol</kwd>
    <kwd>sperm motility</kwd>
    <kwd>ART</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Carpenter J.F., Kita Y.A., Crowe J.H. The basis for toxicity of certain cryoprotectants: a hypothesis. Cryobiology, 1990, vol. 27, pp. 401-415.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Carpenter J.F., Kita Y.A., Crowe J.H. The basis for toxicity of certain cryoprotectants: a hypothesis. Cryobiology, 1990, vol. 27, pp. 401-415.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Gilmore J.A. Determination of optimal cryoprotectants and procedures for their addition and removal from human spermatozoa. HUMAN REPRODUCTION, 1997, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 112-118.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Gilmore J.A. Determination of optimal cryoprotectants and procedures for their addition and removal from human spermatozoa. HUMAN REPRODUCTION, 1997, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 112-118.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Garde J.J., Olmo A., Soler A.J., Espeso G., Roldan E.R.S., Gomendio M. Effect of egg yolk, cryoprotectant, and various sugars on semen cryopreservation in endangered Cuvier’s gazelle (Gazella cuvieri). Animal Reproduction Science, 2008, no. 108, pp. 384-401.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Garde J.J., Olmo A., Soler A.J., Espeso G., Roldan E.R.S., Gomendio M. Effect of egg yolk, cryoprotectant, and various sugars on semen cryopreservation in endangered Cuvier’s gazelle (Gazella cuvieri). Animal Reproduction Science, 2008, no. 108, pp. 384-401.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Grigorieva A., Simonenko E., Garmaeva S., Mironova A. Human gametes cryopreservation with cryoprotectant modified by egg yolk. CryoLetters, 2019, vol. 40, no. 3, pp.187-192.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Grigorieva A., Simonenko E., Garmaeva S., Mironova A. Human gametes cryopreservation with cryoprotectant modified by egg yolk. CryoLetters, 2019, vol. 40, no. 3, pp.187-192.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Grigoreva A., Garmaeva S., Yakovenko S., Simonenko E. Biophysical principles in human gametes cryopreservation: cryoprotectants modified by egg yolk. Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2016, no. 1, pp. 70-73.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Grigoreva A., Garmaeva S., Yakovenko S., Simonenko E. Biophysical principles in human gametes cryopreservation: cryoprotectants modified by egg yolk. Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2016, no. 1, pp. 70-73.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Meyer F., Smit B. Effect of cholesterol on the structure of a phospholipid bilayer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 2009, vol. 106, no.10, pp. 3654-3658.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Meyer F., Smit B. Effect of cholesterol on the structure of a phospholipid bilayer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 2009, vol. 106, no.10, pp. 3654-3658.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Tilcock et al. Cation-dependent segregation phenomena and phase behavior in model membrane systems containing phosphatidylserine: Influence of cholesterol and acyl chain composition. Biochemistry, 1984, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 2696-2703.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Tilcock et al. Cation-dependent segregation phenomena and phase behavior in model membrane systems containing phosphatidylserine: Influence of cholesterol and acyl chain composition. Biochemistry, 1984, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 2696-2703.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Darin-Bennett A., White I.G. Influence of the cholesterol content of mammalian spermatozoa on susceptibility to cold-shock. Cryobiology, 1977, no. 14, pp. 466-470.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Darin-Bennett A., White I.G. Influence of the cholesterol content of mammalian spermatozoa on susceptibility to cold-shock. Cryobiology, 1977, no. 14, pp. 466-470.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, 5th edition. Kapital print, 2012.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, 5th edition. Kapital print, 2012.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">
            
              Lone S.A. Possible mechanisms of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin action on sperm during cryopreservation. Animal Reproduction Science, 2018, no. 192, pp. 1-5.
            
          </mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">
            
              Lone S.A. Possible mechanisms of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin action on sperm during cryopreservation. Animal Reproduction Science, 2018, no. 192, pp. 1-5.
            
          </mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
