<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2499-9962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">55121</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29039/rusjbpc.2022.0543</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОФИЗИКА И БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">CYSTAMINE AND CYSTINE SUPPRESS Na+ TRANSPORT IN FROG SKIN EPITHELIUM</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ЦИСТАМИН И ЦИСТИН ПОДАВЛЯЮТ ТРАНСПОРТ Na+ В ЭПИТЕЛИИ КОЖИ ЛЯГУШКИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мельницкая</surname>
       <given-names>А. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Melnitskaya</surname>
       <given-names>A. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>avmelnitskaya@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Крутецкая</surname>
       <given-names>З. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krutetskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Z. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>z.krutetskya@spbu.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Антонов</surname>
       <given-names>В. Г.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Antonov</surname>
       <given-names>V. G.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Крутецкая</surname>
       <given-names>Н. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krutetskaya</surname>
       <given-names>N. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бадюлина</surname>
       <given-names>В. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Badulina</surname>
       <given-names>V. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-Медицинская академия им. C.М. Кирова</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-28T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>28</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-28T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>28</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>7</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>451</fpage>
   <lpage>457</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/55121/view">https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/55121/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Кожа амфибий и другие изолированные эпителиальные системы являются классическими модельными объектами для исследования механизмов трансэпителиального транспорта ионов. Транспорт Na+ в осморегулирующих эпителиях представляет собой сложную, многокомпонентную систему, в работе которой принимают участие Na+-транспортирующие белки и сигнальные каскады, локализованные в различных мембранах клетки. Белковые компоненты этой системы могут являться мишенью для окислительного стресса. В то же время, влияние окислителей и восстановителей на транспорт Na+ в нативных эпителиальных системах, таких как эпителий кожи лягушки, практически не изучено. С помощью метода фиксации потенциала исследовано влияние дисульфидсодержащих окисляющих агентов цистина и цистамина на транспорт Na+ в коже лягушки. Впервые показано, что обработка кожи лягушки Rana temporaria цистамином или цистином в концентрации 10 мкг/мл снижает трансэпителиальный транспорт Na+. Обнаружено также, что предварительная инкубация с дитиотреитолом, восстанавливающим дисульфидные связи в белках, предотвращает ингибирующий эффект цистамина и цистина. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что транспорт Na+ в коже лягушки чувствителен к окислительному стрессу и модулируется дисульфидсодержащими окисляющими агентами, такими как цистамин или цистин, а также о том, что влияние цистамина и цистина на транспорт Na+ в эпителии кожи лягушки опосредовано их взаимодействием с функционально важными остатками цистеина Na+-транспортирующих белков.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Amphibian skin and other isolated epithelial systems are classical model objects for studying the mechanisms of transepithelial ion transport. Na+ transport in osmoregulatory epithelium is a complex, multicomponent system, which involves Na+ transporting proteins and signaling cascades localized in various cell membranes. The protein components of this system may be a target for oxidative stress. At the same time, the effect of oxidizing and reducing agents on Na+ transport in native epithelial systems, such as frog skin epithelium, practically has not been studied. Using voltage-clamp technique the effect of disulfide-containing oxidizing agents cystine and cystamine on Na+ transport in frog skin was investigated. It has been shown for the first time that the treatment of the skin of the Rana temporaria frog with cystamine or cystine at a concentration of 10 μg/ml suppresses the transepithelial Na+ transport. It was also found that the preincubation with dithiothreitol, which reduces disulfide bonds in proteins, prevents the inhibitory effect of cystamine and cystine. The obtained results indicate that Na+ transport in the frog skin is sensitive to oxidative stress and is modulated by disulfide-containing oxidizing agents, such as cystamine or cystine, and also that the effect of cystamine and cystine on Na+ transport in the frog skin epithelium is mediated by their interaction with functionally important cysteine residues of Na+-transporting proteins.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>транспорт Na+</kwd>
    <kwd>цистамин</kwd>
    <kwd>цистин</kwd>
    <kwd>дитиотреитол</kwd>
    <kwd>эпителий кожи лягушки</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Na+ transport</kwd>
    <kwd>cystamine</kwd>
    <kwd>cystine</kwd>
    <kwd>dithiothreitol</kwd>
    <kwd>frog skin epithelium</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках плановых тем Кафедры биофизики Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета и Кафедры клинической биохимии и лабораторной диагностики Военно-Медицинской академии им. С.М. Кирова (Санкт-Петербург), а также Договора на выполнение научно-исследовательских работ № 05/03-20.</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наточин Ю.В. Основы физиологии почки. Л.: Наука, 1982, 184 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Natochin Yu.V. Fundamentals of kidney physiology. L.: Nauka, 1982, 184 p. (In Russ.)]</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benos D.J., Stanton B.A. Functional domeins within the degenerin/epitelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. J. Physiol., 1999, vol. 520, pp. 631-644.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benos D.J., Stanton B.A. Functional domeins within the degenerin/epitelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. J. Physiol., 1999, vol. 520, pp. 631-644.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Firsov D., Robert-Nicoud M., Gruender S., Schild L., Rossier B.C. Mutational analysis of cysteine-rich domain of the epithelium sodium channel (ENaC): Identification of cysteines essential for channel expression at the cell surface. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, vol. 274, рр. 2743-2749.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Firsov D., Robert-Nicoud M., Gruender S., Schild L., Rossier B.C. Mutational analysis of cysteine-rich domain of the epithelium sodium channel (ENaC): Identification of cysteines essential for channel expression at the cell surface. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, vol. 274, pp. 2743-2749.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kellenberger S., Gautschi I., Pfister Y., Schild L. Intracellular thiol-mediated modulation of epithelial sodium channel activity. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, vol. 280, pp. 7739-7747.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kellenberger S., Gautschi I., Pfister Y., Schild L. Intracellular thiol-mediated modulation of epithelial sodium channel activity. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, vol. 280, pp. 7739-7747.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koefoed-Johnsen V., Ussing H.H. The nature of the frog skin potential. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1958, vol. 42, pp. 298-308.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koefoed-Johnsen V., Ussing H.H. The nature of the frog skin potential. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1958, vol. 42, pp. 298-308.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boldyrev A.A., Bulygina E.R. Na/K-ATPase and oxidative stress. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1997, vol. 834, pp. 666-668.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boldyrev A.A., Bulygina E.R. Na/K-ATPase and oxidative stress. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1997, vol. 834, pp. 666-668.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coor C., Salmon R.F., Quigley R., Marver D., Baum M. Role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and NaKATPase in the inhibiton of proximal tubule transport with intracellular cystine loading. J. Clin. Invest., 1991, vol. 87, pp. 955-961.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coor C., Salmon R.F., Quigley R., Marver D., Baum M. Role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and NaKATPase in the inhibiton of proximal tubule transport with intracellular cystine loading. J. Clin. Invest., 1991, vol. 87, pp. 955-961.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lesort M., Lee M., Tucholski J., Johnson G.V.W. Cystamine inhibits caspase activity. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, vol. 278, pp. 3825-3830.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesort M., Lee M., Tucholski J., Johnson G.V.W. Cystamine inhibits caspase activity. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, vol. 278, pp. 3825-3830.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paul B.D., Snyder S.H. Therapeutic applications of cysteamine and cystamine in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Front. Neurol., 2019, vol. 10, art. 1315.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paul B.D., Snyder S.H. Therapeutic applications of cysteamine and cystamine in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Front. Neurol., 2019, vol. 10, art. 1315.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wagner C.A., Lang F., Broer S. Function and structure of heterodimeric amino acid transporters. Amer. J. Physiol., 2001, vol. 281, pp. C1077-C1093.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wagner C.A., Lang F., Broer S. Function and structure of heterodimeric amino acid transporters. Amer. J. Physiol., 2001, vol. 281, pp. C1077-C1093.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheng S.H., Li J.Q., McNulty K.A., Kieber-Emmons T., Kleyman T.R. Epithelial sodium channel pore region. Structure and role in gating. J. Biol. Chem., 2001, vol. 276, pp. 1326-1334.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheng S.H., Li J.Q., McNulty K.A., Kieber-Emmons T., Kleyman T.R. Epithelial sodium channel pore region. Structure and role in gating. J. Biol. Chem., 2001, vol. 276, pp. 1326-1334.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krumm P., Giraldez T., Alvarez de la Rosa D., Clauss W.G., Fronius M., Althaus M. Thiol-reactive compounds from garlic inhibit the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2012, vol. 20, рр. 3979-3984.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krumm P., Giraldez T., Alvarez de la Rosa D., Clauss W.G., Fronius M., Althaus M. Thiol-reactive compounds from garlic inhibit the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2012, vol. 20, pp. 3979-3984.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waag T., Gelhaus C., Rath J., Stich A., Leippe M., Schirmeister T. Allicin and derivates are cysteine protease inhibitors with antiparasitic activity. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010, vol. 20, рр. 5541-5543.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waag T., Gelhaus C., Rath J., Stich A., Leippe M., Schirmeister T. Allicin and derivates are cysteine protease inhibitors with antiparasitic activity. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010, vol. 20, pp. 5541-5543.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kleyman T.R., Carattino M.D., Hughey R.P. ENaC at the cutting edge: regulation of epithelial sodium channels by proteases. J. Biol. Chem., 2009, vol. 284, pp. 20447-20451.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kleyman T.R., Carattino M.D., Hughey R.P. ENaC at the cutting edge: regulation of epithelial sodium channels by proteases. J. Biol. Chem., 2009, vol. 284, pp. 20447-20451.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rossier B.C., Stutts M.J. Activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by serine proteases. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 2009, vol. 71, pp. 361-379.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rossier B.C., Stutts M.J. Activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by serine proteases. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 2009, vol. 71, pp. 361-379.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bengrine A., Li J., Hamm L.L., Awayda M.S. Indirect activation of the epithelial Na+ channel by trypsin. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, vol. 282, pp. 26884-26896.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bengrine A., Li J., Hamm L.L., Awayda M.S. Indirect activation of the epithelial Na+ channel by trypsin. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, vol. 282, pp. 26884-26896.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garcia-Caballero A., Ishmael S.S., Dang Y., Gillie D., Bond J.S., Milgram S.L., Stutts M.J. Activation of the epithelial sodium channel by the metalloprotease meprin β-subunit. Channels (Austin), 2011, vol. 5, pp. 14-22.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garcia-Caballero A., Ishmael S.S., Dang Y., Gillie D., Bond J.S., Milgram S.L., Stutts M.J. Activation of the epithelial sodium channel by the metalloprotease meprin β-subunit. Channels (Austin), 2011, vol. 5, pp. 14-22.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haerteis S., Krappitz M., Bertog M., Krappitz A., Baraznenok V., Henderson I., Lindstrom E., Murphy J.E., Bunnett N.W., Korbmacher C. Proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by the cysteine protease cathepsin-S. Eur. J. Physiol., 2012, vol. 464, pp. 353-365.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haerteis S., Krappitz M., Bertog M., Krappitz A., Baraznenok V., Henderson I., Lindstrom E., Murphy J.E., Bunnett N.W., Korbmacher C. Proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by the cysteine protease cathepsin-S. Eur. J. Physiol., 2012, vol. 464, pp. 353-365.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brix K., Dunkhorst A., Mayer K., Jordans S. Cysteine cathepsins: cellular roadmap to different functions. Biochimie, 2008, vol. 90, pp. 194-207.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brix K., Dunkhorst A., Mayer K., Jordans S. Cysteine cathepsins: cellular roadmap to different functions. Biochimie, 2008, vol. 90, pp. 194-207.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirschke H., Wiederanders B., Bromme D., Rinne A. Cathepsin S from bovine spleen. Purification, distribution, intracellular localization and action on proteins. Biochem. J., 1989, vol. 264, pp. 467-473.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirschke H., Wiederanders B., Bromme D., Rinne A. Cathepsin S from bovine spleen. Purification, distribution, intracellular localization and action on proteins. Biochem. J., 1989, vol. 264, pp. 467-473.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zavasnik-Bergant T., Turk B. Cysteine cathepsins in the immune response. Tissue Antigens, 2006, vol. 67, pp. 349-355.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavasnik-Bergant T., Turk B. Cysteine cathepsins in the immune response. Tissue Antigens, 2006, vol. 67, pp. 349-355.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lorand L., Conrad S.M. Transglutaminase. Mol. Cell Biochem., 1984, vol. 58, pp. 9-35.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lorand L., Conrad S.M. Transglutaminase. Mol. Cell Biochem., 1984, vol. 58, pp. 9-35.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
