Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ И ХИМИИ 2499-9962 83376 10.29039/rusjbpc.2023.0633 БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКОЛОГИЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ BIOPHYSICAL ECOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES БИОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКОЛОГИЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF MAGALLANA GIGAS INFECTED BY PIONE VASTIFICA ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ MAGALLANA GIGAS ПРИ ЗАРАЖЕНИИ PIONE VASTIFICA Подольская М. С. Podolskaya M. S. podolskaya_m99@bk.ru Челебиева Э. С. Chelebieva E. S. Гостюхина О. Л. Gostyukhina O. L. Лавриченко Д. С. Lavrichenko D. S. dlavrichenko01@gmail.com Кладченко Е. С. Kladchenko E. S. Институт биологии южных морей им. А.О. Ковалевского РАН Севастополь Россия A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas of RAS Sevastopol Russian Federation Институт биологии южных морей им. А.О. Ковалевского РАН Севастополь Россия A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas of RAS Sevastopol Russian Federation Институт биологии южных морей им. А.О. Ковалевского РАН Севастополь Россия A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas of RAS Sevastopol Russian Federation Институт биологии южных морей им. А.О. Ковалевского РАН Севастополь Россия A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas of RAS Sevastopol Russian Federation Институт биологии южных морей им. А.О. Ковалевского РАН Севастополь Россия A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas of RAS Sevastopol Russian Federation 27 05 2024 27 05 2024 8 3 353 357 20 07 2023 https://rusjbpc.ru/en/nauka/article/83376/view

Тихоокеанская устрица, Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793), является важным промысловым видом Черноморского побережья России. Несмотря на благоприятные условия для развития марикультуры в регионе, существует ряд биотических факторов, способных нанести ущерб устричным фермам. В частности, сверлящая губка Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849). Сверлящие губки представляют собой серьезную проблему для марикультурных хозяйств, поскольку пораженные моллюски изымаются из товарооборота, что влечет за собой экономические убытки. В работе исследовали влияние сверлящей губки на функциональное состояние гемоцитов (способность к продукции активных форм кислорода - АФК и мембранный потенциал митоходрий) и антиоксидантный статус мантии тихоокеанских устриц. У гемоцитов моллюсков, пораженных P. vastifica, был значительной ингибирован мембранный потенциал митохондрий. Кроме этого, гемоциты “зараженных” устриц характеризовались более высоким уровнем продукции АФК, по сравнению с группой “здоровых” устриц. Увеличение содержания АФК не сопровождалось ростом активности каталазы. Отсутствие роста активности каталазы на фоне избыточной продукции АФК может приводить к различным физиологическим и метаболическим нарушениям и снижению скорости роста моллюсков. Настоящее исследование способствует расширению понимания о влиянии сверлящей губки (P. vastifica) на функциональное состояние распространенного объекта региональной марикультуры - тихоокеанскую устрицу (M. gigas).

Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793) is an important commercial species of the Black Sea coast of Russia. Black Sea is favorable for the development of regional mariculture, but the existing biotic factors may lead to damage to an oyster farm. In particular, boring sponge Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849). Boring sponges are a serious problem for mariculture farms, because the affected mussels are withdrawn from trade, which entails economic losses. In this work, the effect of boring sponges on the functional state of hemocytes (the ability to produce reactive oxygen species - ROS and the membrane potential of mitochondria) and the antioxidant status of the mantle of the Pacific oyster were studied. The membrane potential of mitochondria was significantly inhibited in the hemocytes of mollusks affected by P. vastifica. In addition, the hemocytes of “infected” oysters were characterized by a higher level of ROS production compared to the group of “healthy" oysters. The increase in ROS was not accompanied by an increase in catalase activity. The absence of an increase in catalase activity against the background of excessive ROS production can lead to various physiological and metabolic disorders and a decrease in the growth rate of mollusks. The present study contributes to the expansion of understanding about the influence of the drilling sponge (P. vastifica) on the functional state of a common object of regional mariculture – the Pacific oyster (M. gigas).

 гемоциты антиоксиданты активные формы кислорода мембранный потенциал митохондрий каталаза сверлящая губка hemocytes antioxidantes reactive oxygen species mitochondrial membrane potential catalase boring sponge Работа выполнена в рамках госзадания № 121102500161-4 «Закономерности организации иммунной системы промысловых гидробионтов и исследование влияния факторов внешней среды на функционирование их защитных систем» и гранта РНФ № 23-26-00019 «Сверлящая губка Черного моря: влияние на иммунную систему устриц и оценка эффективности метода гипоосмотического шока для борьбы с ее распространением на марикультурной ферме».

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