Using the method of dynamic light scattering, we found that a large number of immune complexes are formed in the blood of rats and humans during the digestion. In rats, food IC is almost immediately filtered in the liver, without circulating with the bloodstream through the body. In humans, the level of food immune complexes in the blood increases for 3.5 hours after ingestion, then within 7-8 hours their gradual removal takes place. At the same time, when the level of food complexes in the blood reaches its maximum, their sizes and contribution to the total scattering in different donors are very similar in their values. It was found that in the process of digestion in humans, the isotypic composition of immunoglobulins in the CIC changes and becomes more diverse. Possible causes and molecular-cellular mechanisms of the described phenomena are discussed.
isotypes of immunoglobulins, dynamic light scattering method, digestion, circulating immune complexes
1. Ohyama K., Kuroda N. Proteomic approaches to profiling the humoral immune response and identifying disease-associated antigens. Biol Pharm Bull., 2012, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 1409-1412.
2. Ohyama K., Kuroda N. Immune complexome analysis. Adv Clin Chem., 2013, vol. 60, pp. 129-141.
3. Nezlin R. A quantitative approach to the determination of antigen in immune complexes. J. Immunol. Methods., 2000, vol. 237, pp. 1-17.
4. Nielsen C.H., Hegedüs L., Leslie R.G. Autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid disease promote immune complex formation with self antigenes and increase B cell and CD4+ T cell proliferation in response to self antigenes. Eur J Immunol., 2004, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 263-272.
5. Wener M.H. Tests for circulating immune complexes. Methods Mol Biol., 2014, vol. 1134, pp. 47-57.
6. Manivel V.A., Sohrabian A., Wick M.C., Mullazehi M., Hakansson L.D., Rönnelid J. Anti-type II collagen immune complex-induced granulocyte reactivity is associated with joint erosions in RA patients with anti-collagen antibodies. Arthritis Res Ther., 2015, vol. 17, pp. 8.
7. Mibei E.K., Otieno W.O., Orago A.S., Stoute J.A. Distinct pattern of class and subclass antibodies in immune complexes of children with cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. Parasite Immunol., 2008, vol. 30, no. 6-7, pp. 334-341.
8. Pandey M.K. Molecular basis for downregulation of C5a-mediated inflammation by IgG1 immune complexes in allergy and asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma, 2013, vol. 13, pp. 596-606.
9. Rai S., Mody R.N. Serum circulating immune complexes as prognostic indicators in premalignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity during and following radiotherapy. J Cancer Res Ther., 2012, vol. 8, suppl. 1, pp. S116-122.
10. Satoskar A.A., Brodsky S.V., Nadasdy G., Bott C., Rovin B., Hebert L., Nadasdy T. Discrepancies in glomerular and tubulointerstitial/vascular immune complex IgG subclasses in lupus nephritis. Lupus, 2011, vol. 20, no. 13, pp. 1396-1403.
11. Mayadas T.N., Tsokos G.C., Tsuboi N. Mechanisms of immune complex-mediated neutrophil recruitment and tissue injury. Circulation., 2009, vol. 17, no. 20, pp. 2012-2024.
12. Novak J., Julian B.A., Tomana M., Mestecky J. IgA glycosylation and IgA immune complexes in the pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy. Semin Nephrol., 2008, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 78-87.
13. Yasumori R., Hobby P., Williams G., Ohzono Y., Harada T., Hara K. Charge distribution of plasma IgG and IgG immune complexes in IgA nephropathy. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi., 1994, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 1282-1287.
14. Landa S.B., Korablev P.V., Filatov M.V. Opredelenie immunnyh kompleksov i ih izotipicheskogo sostava v biologicheskih zhidkostyah v otvet na pred'yavlenie antigenov metodom dinamicheskogo svetorasseyaniya // Aktual'nye voprosy biologicheskoy fiziki i himii. Sevastopol', 2016. № 1-2, c. 163-167. [Landa S.B., Korabliov P.V., Filatov M.V. Actual problems of biological physics and chemistry. Sevastopol. 2016, no. 1-2, pp. 163-167. (In Russ.)]
15. Landa S.B., Ivanov A.V., Komlichenko E.V., Filatov M.V. Registraciya izotipicheskogo sostava immunnyh kompleksov kak novaya diagnosticheskaya procedura. Patogenez, 2015, t. 13, № 4, s. 51-56. [Landa S.B., Ivanov A.V., Komlichenko E.V., Filatov M.V. Registration of isotype composition of immune complexes as a new diagnostic procedure. Pathogenesis, 2015, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 51-56. (In Russ.)]
16. Lundquist P., Artursson P. Oral absorption of peptides and nanoparticles across the human intestine: Opportunities, limitations and studies in human tissues. Adv Drug Deliv Rev., 2016, pii: S0169-409X(16)30227-30234.
17. Cai Q., Wang L., Deng G., Liu J., Chen Q., Chen Z. Systemic delivery to central nervous system by engineered PLGA nanoparticles. Am J Transl Res., 2016, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 749-764.
18. Mehta D., Malik A.B. Signaling mechanisms regulating endothelial permeability. Physiol Rev., 2006, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 279-367.
19. Berin M.C. Mucosal antibodies in the regulation of tolerance and allergy to foods. Semin Immunopathol., 2012, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 633-642.
20. Ogra P.L., Mestecky J., Lamm M.E., Strober W., Bienenstock J., Mc Ghee J.R. Mucosal Immunology 2nd Ed. Academic Press, San Diego, 1999, 720 p.
