Schizophrenia is by far the most common mental illness. This mental disorder is considered a multifactorial pathology associated not only with a genetic predisposition and neurochemical defects, but also, presumably, with impaired free radical oxidation processes. Currently, in practical psychiatry, there are no generally accepted biochemical markers for assessing the oxidative status of patients with schizophrenia. The article presents the results of a study of the activity of free radical oxidation processes in 20 patients with the first episodes of schizophrenia. The activity of spontaneous and metal-catalyzed oxidation of blood plasma proteins was evaluated, the degree of activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in red blood cells was determined, and the level of glutathione in blood plasma was estimated. All patients, regardless of gender and age, showed a statistically significant increase in the degree of metal-catalyzed oxidation of plasma proteins and a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In male patients, a significantly reduced level of glutathione in plasma was recorded in comparison with the control group. Thus, the results obtained in patients with the first episodes of schizophrenia showed the presence of oxidative stress, decreased reserve-adaptive capabilities of the body, and the weakening of the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems.
schizophrenia, oxidative stress, oxidative protein modification, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione
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