This article provides an overview of the main polysaccharide receptors - SR, CTLR, TLR, CR, NLR, LacCer. Some biological activities of polysaccharides, mainly immunological, antitumor, apoptotic, and some others also are described. The role of receptors and monosaccharide sequences of polysaccharides in the regulation of the immune response is discussed. Possible types of signaling and the role of polysaccharides in it are described. The possibility of formation of metastable states of the cell arising due to the appearance of multidirectional intracellular signaling cascades in the interaction of receptors and complex polysaccharide ligands is considered. It is assumed that a cell in a special state - a bifurcation one - is capable of "making a choice" between different types of responses: apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and others. Examples are given, including the possibility of transition of transformed cells into a bifurcation state in response to polysaccharide introduction into cell cultures.
polysaccharides, glycans, bifurcation state, signaling, receptors
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