В статье представлен обзор основных полисахаридных рецепторов - SR, CTLR, TLR, CR, NLR, LacCer. Описаны некоторые биологические активности полисахаридов, преимущественно - иммунологические, противоопухолевые, апоптотические, а также некоторые другие. Обсуждается роль рецепторов и моносахаридных последовательностей полисахаридов в регуляции иммунного ответа. Описаны возможные типы сигналинга и роль полисахаридов в нем. Рассмотрена возможность формирования метастабильных состояний клетки, возникающие за счет возникновения разнонаправленных внутриклеточных сигнальных каскадов при взаимодействии рецепторов и комплексных полисахаридных лигандов. Предполагается, что клетка, находящаяся в особом состоянии - бифуркационном, способна «совершать выбор» между различными типами ответов: апоптоз, пролиферация, арест клеточного цикла и другими. Приведены примеры активации различных сигнальных путей под действием полисахаридов, в том числе - возможности перехода трансформированных клеток в бифуркационное состояние.
полисахариды, гликаны, бифуркационное состояние, сигналинг, рецепторы
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