Neutrophils are the primary cells of the innate immune system. They destroy pathogenic microorganisms carrying out the oxidative stress mechanism through phagocytosis and extracellular traps (NETs). The aim of the present work is the study of the influence of the viral infection on functional activity (respiratory burst reaction intensity) of peripheral blood neutrophils. The study was conducted on the whole human blood using the flow cytometry technique. The changes in respiratory burst reaction intensity during ARVI development and in case of bacterial complications appearance were analyzed. The blood plasma component priming neutrophils in viral infections was determined (acute phase protein fibrinogen). It was shown that healthy donors’ neutrophils react differently to vaccination with inactivated and “alive” influenza vaccines. The fact that neutrophils' capacity to generate reactive oxygen species correlates with the titer of IgA and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with asymptomatic or mild Covid-19 was revealed. The obtained data confirm the influence of viral infections on the neutrophils’ functional activity. Also, the protein that might be responsible for this influence was suggested.
neutrophils, oxidative stress, respiratory viral infection, flow cytometry
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