The work examines the effects of a number of antimicrobial agents (triclosan, dequalinium, bedaquiline and itaconic acid) on isolated rat liver mitochondria. It has been shown that these compounds dramatically affect mitochondrial respiration and/or permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Triclosan inhibits complex II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and permeabilizes the inner mitochondrial membrane. The permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane is associated with the formation of lipid pores in lipid bilayer. Itaconic acid inhibits succinate dehydrogenase, but does not permeabilize the mitochondrial membrane. Dequalinium is a potent inhibitor of the complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and induces a nonspecific permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Unlike triclosan, the dequalinium-induced mitochondrial permeabilization is associated with the opening of cyclosporin A-sensitive MPT pore. Bedaquiline inhibits the respiration rates at all functional states of mitochondria. In addition, it is able to inhibit the opening of Ca2+-dependent cyclosporin A-sensitive MPT pores in the mitochondrial membrane. The mechanisms of the toxic effect of antimicrobial agents on eukaryotic cells are discussed.
mitochondria, triclosan, itaconic acid, dequalinium, bedaquiline
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